Is it possible to take the hard drive out of this Mac and keep info

MacBook recently stopped working. took it to apple store and they said there is an issue with the logic board. is the hard drive removal to keep the info on this computer like messages? can I pop the hard drive onto another a1398 Mac and see the messages and stuff?

will I get the messages as well? if I pop the hard drive into another a1398 will it perform the same as the original one that died? in terms of having the same message conversations etc? considering this situation what would be the easiest way to migrate that data onto a working Mac I have but also to maintain the data on the working Mac? (like creating a new user account and migrating the data onto a new user account using migration assitant)